哈佛、斯坦福、MIT等TOP50美國大學如何審核國際生申請材料

留學低齡化后，美高的中國學生和大陸高中生在申請美國大學時，總會面對“身份”問題：美國大學對國際生的定義是什么？美高學生還算國際生嗎？美高和國內申請者是一起競爭嗎？
……在CA的國籍分類里，把學生的歸屬分為了美國公民、美國公民（雙國籍）、美國永居（綠卡持有者）、難民庇護人員、其他人員，沒有綠卡或者美國護照的美高學生都只能選擇其他人員這一欄，這是一個相對模糊的國際生定義。

1.非美國公民或者綠卡持有者都算國際生

非美國公民或者綠卡持有者，都是國際生，除非有難民、庇護這些特殊情況存在。這是大部分學校對于國際生的定義，比如斯坦福、埃默里、JHU等。▲斯坦福官網截圖：沒有美國公民身份及永久居留權（綠卡）的學生會被定義為國際生▲埃默里大學官網截圖：如果不是美國公民或永久居民，你就被視為國際生。國際生包括持有FI、F2、J1、J2或G系列簽證的學生，以及其他符合條件的非公民類別的學生，如人道主義假釋、古巴-海地入境人員、難民身份等▲約翰霍普金斯大學官網截圖：即便是在美國上高中，只要你沒有公民身份/綠卡，你也還是國際生
還有包括達特茅斯學院，西北大學，布朗大學，萊斯大學，圣母大學，圣路易斯華盛頓大學，加州系大學（UCB，UCLA，UCSD，UCSB，UCD，UCI），卡耐基梅隴大學，維克森林大學，布蘭迪斯大學，羅切斯特大學，波士頓大學，凱斯西儲大學等62所學校都是持這種態度。
這些學校都將美高學生按照國際生劃分，但是學校審理過程中，也會有部分學校結合高中地理位置劃分片區的規則，相當于會在“國際生+地區”兩個緯度下進行篩選比較，具體參考以下所列的第二種標準。

2.采取“國際生+美高”雙重緯度審核

很多排名靠前的學校都會采取“國際生+地區”這種雙重緯度來審核申請，考慮到美高學生集中于加州、紐約州等幾個留學生密集區域，很難講這部分地區的美高學生會比國內的高中生有優勢，倒是留學生相對稀少地區的優秀學生容易在這種劃分標準下出彩。 比如芝加哥大學，對于美高的中國公民來說，雖然審閱申請的時候會把你放在美高的“池子”里來評估，并且遵循和美國公民一樣的申請流程，但是如果你申請了助學金，我們還是會考慮到你不是美國公民的身份的（言下之意，如果你申請了助學金，還是有可能損傷到你的錄取幾率的哦）。

✔1. Princeton UniversityWe evaluate all students within the context of their school setting. When we read your application, we will read it along with any other students from your school who have applied. This allows?for?us to have a better understanding of each school context. You will be asked to self-report your citizenship on the Common Application, which will not affect how your application is read.
✔2. Columbia U
Columbia’s admissions application process is largely the same for all students regardless of their citizenship or country of residence. But If you are applying for financial aid, different financial aid applications are required for international students.
✔3. Duke University
We read applications by where a student attends high school. However below is some information that will be helpful as you will also be considered an international student.
WHY IS MY APPLICATION CONSIDERED INTERNATIONAL?
We categorize all applications from students attending schools outside the United States as international, even those from students who are US citizens.
We categorize all applications from students who are not US citizens or US Lawful Permanent Residents as international, even those from students who are attending schools in the US.
✔4. Cornell University
If you are not a US citizen or hold a green card, you are considered an international student. The application and requirements are the same for all students. We read applications based on where you currently attend school, rather than by your citizenship status. Your application will be read with others from the school you attend and those from the same state (U.S.) or country.
✔5. College of William & Mary
It is great to hear of your interest in William & Mary! All Chinese citizens attending high school in the United States are considered international?students,?but will be read in the context of their United States high school. I hope this helps. If you have any additional questions, please don’t hesitate to ask.
✔6. Vanderbilt University
So it's not like we have two piles of applications, domestic and international. Because of this, my answer may seem a bit confusing, so please feel free to ask questions if it doesn't make sense. Your file will be evaluated by the admission counselor responsible for the area of the high school you will graduate from. So let's say you do four years of high school at the Lawrenceville School in NJ and plan to graduate from there [example], I would be the one evaluating your application since I have all schools in NJ. However,?lets?say, you attend Lawrenceville for three years, and go to Shanghai World Foreign Language School to graduate, Julie Chapman would evaluate you application since that is one of her schools. In both?situations?the context of your school environment(s) will be taken into consideration.
✔7. New York University
While you would be considered an international student, we review applications by high schools, so your application would be reviewed in the context of the school you currently attend

3.美高學生在申請中不算國際生

還是有少部分學校將美高學生當作本土學生來處理，如果按照這個原則，中國學生的直接競爭者就是在讀高中區域的所有學生，包括美國學生和其他外籍學生，名單如下。✔1. YaleSince applications are read by region, international versus domestic status is determined by where you went to secondary school, rather than by residency or citizenship status.
✔2. Georgia Tech
Applications are read within the context from which you are applying. For example, if you are from Panama but living in Illinois, your application will be read with those from Illinois. Likewise, if you are from Illinois but living in France, your application will be read with those from France.
✔3. USC (分in-state和out-of-state)
An applicant is considered a bona fide California resident – for admissions purposes – if he or she has attended a California high school for at least three years and graduated from a California high school or if the applicant's parent or legal guardian is a permanent resident of California (if the applicant is under 18).
✔4. Northeastern University
If you are currently attending high school in the US, you will be recognized as a domestic student. Please note that we will still consider your Chinese citizenship.
✔5. Southern Methodist University
SMU defines an International Student as any student who graduates high school abroad.

4.不將國際生單獨劃分審理的學校

有兩所學校的態度是不關心申請者的國籍，分別是哈佛大學和喬治城大學，那么美高學生的劃分問題也意義不大了。
哈佛表示：因為所有的申請人都需要遵循一樣的申請流程且都有資格申請我們的助學資金，所以我們不需要區別這些申請人。無論你是來自美高的外國公民還是在其他國家上高中的美國公民，我們都一視同仁。同時也表示不會針對國籍和高中所在地而對申請人設置“限額”（quotas），并再次強調是否申請助學金不會影響申請人的錄取幾率。 ▲哈佛官網截圖：不區分國際生與非國際生的原因▲喬治城大學官網截圖：國際生和美國公民遵循一樣的申請流程美國大學對于國際生的身份問題，不外乎是考慮到學生學校的課程銜接、推薦信、成績單真實性、錄取歷史等方面的內容，關于美高學生歸屬劃分的問題，大部分的答案是國際生都屬于一個池子，但是從學校的態度看，確實還是出現了上述四種不同劃分辦法。