你會用動詞嗎？

Category: 國際競賽 Date: 2020年7月31日上午9:54

很多人以為，動詞就是動作Action，動作Action的表達就是動詞。

其實并不如此！

在我們?nèi)粘５奈淖种校S多表達動作的詞也經(jīng)常會以形容詞/副詞/名詞等形式出現(xiàn)：

如以下這段文章：

The governance?of Lyon’s hospitals differed from the levels of strictness?prevalent?in other cities; deviations from access rules were typically possible. Regardless of place of birth,?admission?was common, based on employment for the greater glory of “our manufactures,” according to the language of the hospital board. From 1802 through 1829,?annual admissions to the hospitals exceeded 10,000. There was general acceptance among the city’s governing class of nonstandard responses to increased levels of unemployment. As in the 1837-38 public assistance inscription of thirty-five thousand people.

請注意我們以上劃線的詞語，并重新讀一下我們下面的改寫：

Lyon’s hospitals were not governed by the strict rules that prevailed in some cities; the rules of admission could be bent and often were. As long as a man or woman, no matter where his or her place of birth, had worked for the greater glory of “our manufacturers,” as the hospital board liked to say, he or she would be admitted. From 1802 through 1829, more than 10,000 persons were admitted each year to the hospitals. The city’s governing class was always prepared to take extraordinary measures when unemployment ran high, as it did in 1837-38, when thirty-five thousand people were inscribed on the public assistance rolls.

不知道大家有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)B段的文章內(nèi)容更清晰。思考一下為什么？

我們經(jīng)常說寫作的有效性。文章想要清晰明了不拖沓，就用直接的動詞描述你想表達的內(nèi)容。

下面我們再來看下面一個例子：

Giuliani?threatened?the brokerages.

Giuliani gave a speech?threatening?the brokerages.

Giuliani spoke?threateningly?about the brokerages.

這里的Threaten在三個句子里分別作為動詞/動名詞/副詞。三個句子要表達的是一個意思。其中，threatened/gave/spoke分別作為動詞, 但相信brokerage并不關(guān)心Giuliani是否gave 還是spoke, 只關(guān)心是否被threatened。第一個句子最簡單有力。?

所以我們寫作中，動詞并不總是要表達的那個動作。但是是否有利就取決于你選擇的動詞。如下：

Impotent: The man was walking on the platform.

Powerful: The man strode along the platform.

Impotent: Jim is a lover of country living.

Powerful: Jim treasures country living.

Impotent: There are three things that make me feel the way I do…

Powerful: Three things convince me…?

使用動詞的第一原則：

Express as verbs the actions that you want to dominate your readers’ understanding.

用你最想要讀者理解的動作做“動詞“

而寫作的原則就是：

“Write with nouns and verbs, not with adjectives and adverbs.”