出國留學(xué),個人陳述(PS)可能是你的敲門磚,也可能是你的絆腳石。
想象一下,國外學(xué)校的招生官每天都要面對一堆堆的申請材料,他們的眼睛都快看花了。
他們怎么能在有限的時間和名額里,挑出最合適的學(xué)生呢?
你需要一份讓他們眼前一亮的PS!
怎么寫好PS
最近,《衛(wèi)報》這本英國知名雜志發(fā)表了一篇文章,內(nèi)容關(guān)注的是招生官如何審閱申請者的個人陳述。
根據(jù)英國高等教育政策研究所(HEPI)的一項針對招生專業(yè)人員的調(diào)查,結(jié)果顯示,招生官平均只花2分鐘的時間閱讀一份個人陳述,而在羅素集團(tuán)的大學(xué)中,這個時間甚至縮短到了90秒。
令人驚訝的是,在接受調(diào)查的113位招生官中,近40%的人承認(rèn)他們閱讀個人陳述的時間甚至不超過1分鐘。
所以,在這么短的時間里,一份獨特的PS一定是吸引考官的關(guān)鍵。

PS是你向招生官展示自己的機(jī)會,是你講述自己故事的舞臺,是你證明自己與眾不同的武器。
招生官想要看到的,不僅僅是你的成績和證書,而是你的個性和潛力。
所以,在你的PS里,你要告訴他們:
你是誰?你有什么特點和優(yōu)勢?
你為什么想留學(xué)?你有什么動機(jī)和目標(biāo)?
你為什么選擇這個專業(yè)?你有什么相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗和興趣?
你為什么適合這所學(xué)校?你能為這個學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境帶來什么貢獻(xiàn)?
這些問題看起來很簡單,但要回答好并不容易。
你需要從自己的人生經(jīng)歷中,挑選出最能體現(xiàn)自己的亮點。
怎么挑選呢?怎么寫呢?別著急,接下來我會給你詳細(xì)的指導(dǎo)和建議。趕緊收藏這篇文章吧!
知己知彼
要寫出一份好的PS,你首先要明白PS的目的是什么。
PS不是簡單地羅列你的成績和證書,而是展示你的個性和特色,讓招生官看到你和你想申請的專業(yè)是多么合適。
招生官在讀你的PS時,他們想知道:
你對這個學(xué)科有多熱愛(enthusiasm);
你為了學(xué)習(xí)這個學(xué)科付出了什么努力(motivation);
你在這個學(xué)科上有什么成果和價值(results),
你有什么未來的潛力(potential)
你對自己的職業(yè)規(guī)劃有什么想法(career plan)
個性化是PS寫作的核心。最糟糕的PS就是千篇一律,沒有特色,沒有亮點,沒有說服力的PS。
最優(yōu)秀的PS就是通過具體的例子和細(xì)節(jié),有效地說明“你”為什么是最佳的候選人,為什么“你”應(yīng)該被錄取。
補(bǔ)充說明:分?jǐn)?shù)只是客觀的信息,只能反映你的水平,不能反映你的特質(zhì)。如果只靠分?jǐn)?shù),你和其他申請者都沒有區(qū)別,都是85分,只不過一個叫85A,一個叫85B。
通過提供PS等主觀材料,招生官可以更深入地了解申請者,比如A擅長數(shù)學(xué),參與過什么項目,取得了什么效果,B沒有明確的職業(yè)目標(biāo),缺乏批判性思維等。
總之,讓他們知道你是一個有血有肉有故事有想法的人。
對癥下藥
既然你已經(jīng)明白了PS的重要性,那就要根據(jù)招生官的期待來寫你的PS。
一般來說,一篇優(yōu)秀的PS應(yīng)該包括以下內(nèi)容:
Enthusiasm and motivation?你對這個學(xué)科有多么熱愛,多么好奇,多么有動力,即使你遇到了很多困難,也沒有放棄。
Understanding and /or experience of the subject?你通過什么樣的生活學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷,對這個學(xué)科有了什么樣的理解和思考。
Academic engagement with the subject?你有什么學(xué)術(shù)方面的準(zhǔn)備(讀過哪些書籍,參加過哪些活動),你有什么學(xué)習(xí)成績,科研成果,工作經(jīng)驗等。
Relevant knowledge and skills for the subject?你在其他方面(工作或者興趣愛好)所獲得的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗,技能,品質(zhì)等。
Originality and independence of thought?你對這個學(xué)科有什么獨特的見解和創(chuàng)新的想法。
Career Plan 職業(yè)規(guī)劃?你畢業(yè)后想做什么?是否要繼續(xù)深造?或者找工作?你有什么短期和長期的職業(yè)目標(biāo)。
理清邏輯
寫PS不僅要有內(nèi)容,還要有邏輯。招生官不會有時間和耐心去梳理你的PS的邏輯,所以你要寫得清楚明了,讓他們一目了然。
你要注意,中文和英文的表達(dá)邏輯是不一樣的,中文比較含蓄,英文比較直接。不要用中文的思維方式來寫英文,最好也不要先寫中文,再翻譯成英文。
一般的PS寫作結(jié)構(gòu)如下:
重點突出學(xué)術(shù)內(nèi)容(80%) 你為什么對這個專業(yè)感興趣;? 你目前的學(xué)習(xí)情況如何;? 你做過哪些課外閱讀;? 你參與過哪些課內(nèi)活動;? 你通過什么方式拓展了你的知識和視野;? 這些知識/經(jīng)驗如何幫助你申請這個專業(yè)。
學(xué)術(shù)無關(guān)內(nèi)容(5%-10%) 你有哪些其他方面的技能或素質(zhì)(transferable skills),或者哪些活動培養(yǎng)了你的品格和性格。?【舉例說明:如果你申請金融專業(yè),英國大學(xué)其實不太關(guān)心你會不會彈鋼琴。但是你可以在PS中適當(dāng)提到你通過學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴培養(yǎng)了哪些品質(zhì),比如說堅持,鉆研精神等。】
未來的計劃(10%-15%) 你畢業(yè)后想做什么?申請這個專業(yè)可以如何幫助你實現(xiàn)你的計劃?
Tips:對任何材料要有批判性思維,保證所寫內(nèi)容真實可信,并檢查語法和拼寫。
舉例說明
一、關(guān)于學(xué)科相關(guān)知識和技能的掌握
Relevant knowledge and skills for the subject
❌ Less convincing example
I am currently a College Prefect and am also in the process of completing my Duke of Edinburgh Gold award. I regularly play football to maintain fitness and am working towards my grade 6 in piano.
申請專業(yè):Finance
✅ Good example
Studying both Economics and Sociology has given me a good theoretical understanding of social science perspectives. This will prove particularly useful when studying an interdisciplinary course.?My AS level Maths this has helped me to apply and develop my numerical skills which means that I can readily evaluate and analyse quantitative data.
申請專業(yè):Social Policy
點評:優(yōu)秀案例說明了自己在學(xué)習(xí)的過程中獲得的技能,已經(jīng)該技能對未來學(xué)習(xí)的幫助。問題案例所講技能對未來學(xué)習(xí)無幫助,不相關(guān)。
二、學(xué)習(xí)熱情和動力 Enthusiasm and motivation
❌ Less convincing example
I have a strong interest in history, politics and international relations. University study will allow me to explore and develop my enthusiasm for these subjects.
申請專業(yè):International Relations
✅Good example
When I studied the upheavals of the 19th and 20th centuries, I began to see how this period is key to understanding the modern era. As I examined the Industrial Age and the growth of global trade, I focused increasingly on economics. I believe that the analytical tools of both fields are essential for a deep understanding of the world.
申請專業(yè):Economic History with Economics
點評:優(yōu)秀案例有細(xì)節(jié),描述自己具體做的事情和自己的思考,證明了自己對學(xué)科感興趣,并且具有行動力。問題案例太空泛。
三、關(guān)于學(xué)科的學(xué)術(shù)成就 Academy engagement with the subject
❌ Less convincing example
A lecture I attended by Michael Sandel encouraged a rigorous philosophical style, and studying Spanish independently has also illustrated how expression affects meaning. Literature at A level, has strengthened my precise phrasing of arguments. Simon Blackburn's "Being Good" has stimulated my views on moral behaviour. I have been inspired to act according to these beliefs: I set up my school's first feminist society.
申請專業(yè):Politics and Philosophy
✅ Good example
Having read "End This Depression Now" by Paul Krugman I gained a deeper understanding of Keynesian theory.?I found his argument convincing because…
申請專業(yè):Philosophy, Politics and Economics
In my Royal Economics Society competition essay?I drew on econometric analysis?to argue that high levels of inequality can have a negative effect on growth. This was backed up by reading "The Price of Inequality…
申請專業(yè):Economics
點評:優(yōu)秀案例有詳細(xì)描寫自己在學(xué)習(xí)理論知識后的再創(chuàng)造,對知識的反思。問題案例單純的敘述事件。
四、個人的觀點看法等 Originality or independence of thought
❌ Less convincing example
The universe around us is in a constant forward and backward spiral to reach one ultimate goal, equilibrium; a state of dynamism but steady due to the equality between opposing forces.
申請專業(yè):Economics and Economic History
A twelve-year-old girl got home from school one day and decided to pick up a book in the family office room that was entitled 'Torts'. Puzzled, she began to read out of genuine curiosity. That girl was me.
申請專業(yè):Law
✅ Good example
I believe?that Hart's conception of the law is more convincing as it recognises human limitations.
申請專業(yè):Law
Although many conservative economists have already dismissed such suggestions,?I think?that disregarding any certain factor is against the essence of economics, as every factor plays an important role towards the happening of every event.
申請專業(yè):Economics
點評:“我認(rèn)為”的表達(dá)是很重要的。
五、對學(xué)科的理解和經(jīng)歷 Understanding or experience
❌ Less convincing example
I have been fascinated by the idea of becoming a lawyer ever since I watched the TV drama Suits.
申請專業(yè):Law
My love for the subject began in Year 6, when I conducted independent research for a project on natural hazards, which introduced me to tectonic theory.
申請專業(yè):Geography
✅ Good examples
"I am particularly interested in how law interacts with morality. To what extent laws should govern and regulate people's wellbeing? For instance would we be able to justify stem-cell research without defining when life begins?"
申請專業(yè):Law
"I am also involved in the Values Versus Violence youth project, which enabled me to visit Belfast as part of a group of European young people. I learned much about social and political conflict on the trip, and saw the relevance of history as the divisions between communities over historical issues remains to this day"
申請專業(yè):History
點評:優(yōu)秀案例有自己獨到的見解,而非順承別的思想。
問題案例沒有表達(dá)自己的具體想法。


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