Combustion & Free Radical Substitution of Alkanes Alkanes are?combusted?(burnt) on a large scale for their use as fuels They also react in?free-radical substitution?reactions to form more react...
Production of Alkanes: Hydrogenation & Cracking Alkanes?are hydrocarbons that can be produced by the?addition?reaction?of hydrogen to an alkene or by?cracking?of longer alkane chains Production...
2023年申請季已經到來，大家是否已經有了目標院校和專業呢？ 經濟學一直是備受廣大家長和同學青睞的專業。如果想去英國讀經濟，哪些大學最值得讀呢？ 今天我們就結合三大權威榜單（2022QS世界大學學科排名、2022...
Deducing Isomers of a Compound You should be able to deduce all possible isomers for organic compounds knowing their molecular formula Worked example: Isomers of dibromopropane Step 1:?Draw the str...
近年來，隨著設計、藝術行業的發展，人們的審美和藝術需求日益增加，藝術設計領域已經擺脫了小眾的標簽，越來越多人進入這個專業領域，除了對藝術始終保持興趣的藝術生，很多在綜合類學校的非藝術生也中途選擇了...
Chirality & Enantiomers Chiral centres in non-cyclic molecules A?chiral?centre?in a molecule is a carbon atom that has four different atoms or group of atoms attached This gives rise to two opt...
Stereoisomerism: Geometrical & Optical Stereoisomers?are compounds that have the same atoms connected to each other, however the atoms are differently arranged in space There are two types of?s...
Structural Isomerism: Chain, Position & Functional Group Structural isomers?are compounds that have the same?molecular?formula but different?structural?formulae Eg. propene and cyclopropane Bot...
Planar Molecules Planar molecules have all their atoms in the same plane Eg. linear, bent, trigonal planar and square planar Molecules which have all their atoms in the same plane The presence of a...
Hybridised Atoms: Shapes & Bond Angles in Molecules Each carbon atom has four electrons in its outer shell (electronic configuration: 1s22s22p2) Carbon atoms share these four electrons in four ...
Straight, Branched & Cyclic Molecules Straight, branched and cyclic organic molecules are also called?aliphatic?compounds as long as they do not contain a?benzene ring Straight-chain Straight-c...
Terminology Used in Reaction Mechanisms In organic reaction mechanisms,?curly?arrows?represent the movement of?electron?pairs The arrow beings at a bond or a lone pair of electrons and points to th...
