Characteristic Reactions of Acids Metals and acids The typical reaction of a metal and an acid can be summarized as acid + metal ?→? salt + hydrogen For example: 2HCl (aq)?????? +? ????Zn (s)??→???...
Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs A?Br?nsted-Lowry acid?is a species that can donate a proton A?Br?nsted-Lowry base?is a species that can accept a proton In a reaction equilibrium the products are formed a...
Br?nsted–Lowry Acids & Bases The Br?nsted-Lowry Theory?defines acids and bases in terms of proton transfer between chemical compounds A?Br?nsted-Lowry acid?is a species that?gives away?a?proton...
Catalysts & Equilibrium Changes in concentration If all other conditions stay the same, the equilibrium constant?Kc?is?not affected?by any changes in concentration of the reactants or products ...
Le Chatelier's Principle Position of the equilibrium The?position of the equilibrium?refers to the relative amounts of products and reactants in an equilibrium mixture. When the position of equilib...
The Reaction Quotient The?reaction quotient,?Q, is the ratio of products and reactants for a reaction that has?NOT?yet reached equilibrium The expression for?Q?is very similar to?Kc: It is a useful...
Equilibrium Constant Relationships In the previous section we saw that the concentrations of the substances are raised to the?power of the coefficients?from the balanced equation This means the?Kc?...
The Equilibrium Constant Equilibrium expression & constant The?equilibrium expression?is an expression that links the?equilibrium constant,?Kc, to the?concentrations of reactants and products?a...
The State of Equilibrium Reversible reaction Some reactions go to completion where the reactants are used up to form the products and the reaction stops when all of the reactants are used up In?rev...
Energy Profiles & Catalysis Catalysis?is the process in which the rate of a chemical reaction is increased, by adding a substance called a?catalyst A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction b...
Maxwell-Boltzmann Curves Boltzmann distribution curve The?Boltzmann distribution curve?is a graph that shows the distribution of?energies?at a certain?temperature In a sample of a substance, a few ...
Explaining Rates Concentration The more?concentrated?a solution is, the?greater?the number of?particles?in a given volume of solvent An increase in?concentration?causes in an increased?collision fr...
