IB DP Biology: HL復習筆記3.4.1 Electrophoresis & PCR
Gel Electrophoresis Gel electrophoresis is used to separate proteins or fragments of DNA according to size Gel electrophoresis?is a technique used widely in the analysis of DNA, RNA, and proteins D...
IB DP Biology: HL復習筆記3.3.5 Mutations & Disease
Causes of Mutations A?mutation?is a change in the sequence of base pairs in a DNA molecule They occur?randomly?and?continuously?to create new alleles of a gene Often only with a very small number o...
IB DP Biology: HL復習筆記3.3.4 Inheritance of Genetic Diseases
Causes of Genetic Disease A gene can affect a?phenotype?of an organism A gene codes for a single polypeptide The polypeptide affects the phenotype through a particular mechanism The phenotype of an...
IB DP Biology: HL復習筆記3.3.3 Skills: Inheritance
Constructing Punnett Grids A?monohybrid trait?is one that is controlled by only?one gene Generally, we consider that such a gene has?two alleles Either: one allele is dominant and the other is rece...
IB DP Biology: HL復習筆記3.3.2 Inheriting Alleles
Segregation of Alleles Meiosis is a form of?nuclear division?that results in the?production of?haploid?cells?from diploid cells During meiosis a diploid cell will?divide twice?to form?four haploid ...
IB DP Biology: HL復習筆記3.3.1 Inheritance
Mendel's Experiments Gregor Mendel?was an Austrian monk He was trained in mathematics and natural history at the University of Vienna In the mid-19th century, Mendel carried out breeding experiment...
IB DP Biology: HL復習筆記3.2.5 Skills: Meiosis
Drawing the Stages of Meiosis Cells undergoing?meiosis?can be observed and photographed using specialized microscopes The different stages of meiosis have distinctive characteristics meaning they c...
IB DP Biology: HL復習筆記3.2.4 Non-disjunction
Non-disjunction Non-disjunction?occurs when chromosomes fail to separate correctly during?meiosis This can occur in either anaphase I or anaphase II, leading to?gametes?forming with an?abnormal num...
IB DP Biology: HL復習筆記3.2.3 Genetic Variation
Genetic Variation & Meiosis Crossing over and random orientation promote genetic variation Having?genetically different offspring?can be?advantageous?for natural selection and therefore increas...
