Classifying Alcohols Primary?alcohols?are alcohols in which the carbon atom bonded to the -OH group is attached to?one?other carbon atom (or alkyl group) Secondary?alcohols?are alcohols in which th...
Reactions of Alcohols Alcohols?are reactive molecules which undergo a wide range of reactions Combustion of alcohols Alcohols react with oxygen in the air when ignited and undergo?complete combusti...
Production of Alcohols Alcohols?are compounds that contain at least one?hydroxy?(-OH) group The general formula of alcohols is?CnH2n+1OH Alcohols can be prepared by a wide range of chemical reactio...
Reactivity of Halogenoalkanes The halogenoalkanes have different?rates?of?substitution?reactions Since substitution reactions involve?breaking?the?carbon-halogen?bond the?bond?energies?can be used ...
Halogenoalkanes: SN1 & SN2 Mechanisms In?nucleophilic substitution?reactions involving halogenoalkanes, the halogen atom is replaced by a nucleophile These reactions can occur in two different ...
Halogenoalkanes: Elimination Reactions In an?elimination?reaction, an organic molecule loses a small molecule In the case of halogenoalkanes this small molecule is a hydrogen halide (eg. HCl) The h...
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Halogenoalkanes Halogenoalkanes?are much more reactive than alkanes due to the presence of the?electronegative?halogens The halogen-carbon bond is polar causi...
Production of Halogenoalkanes: Substitution & Addition Reactions Halogenoalkanes?are alkanes that have one or more halogens They can be produced from: Free-radical substitution?of?alkanes Elect...
Alkenes: Stability of Cations & Markovnikov's Rule Carbocations?are positively charged carbon atoms with only three covalent bonds instead of four There are three types of carbocations: primary...
