The Ionic Product of Water pH of water An equilibrium exists in water where few water molecules dissociate into proton and hydroxide ions H2O(l) ? H+(aq) + OH-(aq) The equilibrium constant for this...
Interpreting pH The pH scale is a numerical scale that shows how?acidic?or?alkaline?a solution is The values on the pH scale go from 0-14 (extremely acidic substances have values of below 0) All ac...
pH & [H?] The acidity of an aqueous solution depends on the number of?H+?(H3O+) ions in solution The?pH is defined as: where [H+] is the concentration of H+?in mol dm–3 The pH scale is a logari...
Acid-Base Titrations The steps involved in performing a?titration?and?titration calculation?are outlined in?Topic 1.2.9 Titrations Acid-base titrations?follow the same steps and are used to find th...
Neutralization A neutralisation reaction is one in which an acid (pH <7) and a base/alkali (pH >7) react together to form water (pH = 7) and a salt The proton of the acid reacts with the hydr...
Characteristic Reactions of Acids Metals and acids The typical reaction of a metal and an acid can be summarized as acid + metal ?→? salt + hydrogen For example: 2HCl (aq)?????? +? ????Zn (s)??→???...
Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs A?Br?nsted-Lowry acid?is a species that can donate a proton A?Br?nsted-Lowry base?is a species that can accept a proton In a reaction equilibrium the products are formed a...
Br?nsted–Lowry Acids & Bases The Br?nsted-Lowry Theory?defines acids and bases in terms of proton transfer between chemical compounds A?Br?nsted-Lowry acid?is a species that?gives away?a?proton...
Catalysts & Equilibrium Changes in concentration If all other conditions stay the same, the equilibrium constant?Kc?is?not affected?by any changes in concentration of the reactants or products ...
