Test-Tube Reactions Often, chemists will need to identify the functional groups present in an organic compound Some simple questions which can be considered are: Is the compound acidi...
Classification of Alcohols Primary?alcohols?are alcohols in which the carbon atom bonded to the -OH group is attached to?one?other carbon atom (or alkyl group) Secondary?alcohols?are alcohol...
Shapes & Bond Angles in Organic Molecules Each carbon atom has four electrons in its outer shell (electronic configuration: 1s22s22p2) Carbon atoms share these four electrons in four cov...
Edexcel IGCSE Maths復(fù)習(xí)筆記 1.10.1 Rounding & Estimation Why use estimation? We?estimate?to find approximations for difficult sums Or to check our answers are about the right size (right order ...
Reactivity of Halogenoalkanes The halogenoalkanes have different?rates?of?substitution?reactions Since substitution reactions involve?breaking?the?carbon-halogen?bond the?bond?energies?can b...
Fractional Distillation Crude oil is currently the world's main source of organic chemicals As a mixture, it isn’t a very useful substance, but the different hydrocarbons that make up the mixture, ...
Organic Definitions & Terminology Organic chemistry?is the chemistry of carbon compounds Carbon forms a vast number of compounds because it can form strong covalent bonds with itself This enabl...
Group 7: Physical Properties The group 7 elements are called?halogens The halogens have uses in water purification and as bleaching agents (chlorine), as flame-retardants and fire extinguish...
Group 2: Trends Chemical trends All elements in Group 2 (also called?alkali earth metals)?have two electrons in their?outermost principal quantum shell All Group 2 metals can form?ionic?compounds?i...
